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Characteristics of Epstein-Barr virus primary infection in pediatric liver transplant recipients

F Smets1, M Bodeus, P Goubau

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium. Francoise.Smets@pedi.ucl.ac.be

Journal of Hepatology
|February 15, 2000
PubMed

Insights

Primary Epstein-Barr virus infection is common in pediatric liver transplant recipients, often asymptomatic. Symptomatic infections are linked to post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease, but overall consequences are minimal.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Hepatology
  • Transplant Immunology
  • Virology

Background:

  • Pediatric liver transplant recipients face a high risk of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection.
  • The clinical presentation and impact on graft function during acute EBV infection are not well-documented.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To prospectively monitor clinical and biochemical outcomes in pediatric liver transplant patients experiencing primary EBV infection.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective surveillance of 38 pediatric liver transplant recipients.
  • Utilized polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and IgM antibody testing to identify primary EBV infection timing.

Main Results:

  • 80% of EBV-seronegative patients developed primary EBV infection within 3 months post-transplant.
  • Symptomatic EBV infection occurred in 4 patients, all developing post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD).
  • Overall PTLD incidence was 13%, with no associated mortality; two asymptomatic patients had abnormal liver function tests.

Conclusions:

  • Primary EBV infection is frequent in EBV-seronegative pediatric liver transplant recipients.
  • Clinical symptoms of EBV infection are rare but strongly associated with PTLD development.
  • Non-PTLD related consequences of EBV infection appear minimal in this cohort.
Abstract

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