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Advanced practice nursing for children with HIV infection
1Department of Parent Child Nursing, College of Nursing, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221-0038, USA.
Insights
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) disease impacts children globally, affecting their development and families. This review covers HIV epidemiology, transmission, and clinical presentation in pediatric ambulatory care.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric infectious diseases
- Public health
- Clinical nursing
Background:
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) disease affects children worldwide, irrespective of ethnicity or location.
- HIV infection is a multisystem disease impacting all aspects of a child's growth and development.
- Families of infected children face significant challenges.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the epidemiology and transmission of HIV in children.
- To describe the clinical presentation of HIV-infected children in ambulatory care settings.
- To highlight challenges in HIV management and prevention for pediatric advanced practice nurses.
Main Methods:
- Literature review on HIV epidemiology and transmission in pediatric populations.
- Review of clinical manifestations of HIV in children.
- Focus on the ambulatory care setting for pediatric advanced practice nurses.
Main Results:
- HIV transmission routes and global epidemiology in children are discussed.
- The multisystemic impact of HIV on pediatric growth and development is detailed.
- Clinical signs and symptoms of HIV in pediatric patients are outlined.
Conclusions:
- Understanding HIV epidemiology and transmission is crucial for prevention efforts.
- Early recognition of clinical presentation aids in timely diagnosis and intervention.
- Pediatric advanced practice nurses require specialized knowledge for effective HIV care in ambulatory settings.
Abstract:
Children from any ethnic background and in any geographical location can be affected by HIV disease. Once acquired, HIV disease holds a devastating future for the infected child, his or her parents, and the entire family. As a multisystem disease, HIV affects every aspect of the child's growth and development. Management and prevention presents many challenges to the pediatric advanced practice nurse in the ambulatory care setting. This article reviews the epidemiology and transmission of HIV, as well as the clinical presentation of the HIV-infected child in the clinic.