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Antinociceptive effect of amikacin and its interaction with morphine and naloxone
S Atamer-Simsek1, H Olmez-Salvarli, O Güc
1Pharmacology Unit of Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Abstract:
Amikacin sulphate (30 mg kg(-1)) administered either intraperitoneally (i.p.) or subcutaneously (s.c.) produced antinociceptive effect in BALB/c mice in the acetic acid writhing test which is employed as an inflammatory pain model. The lack of difference between two routes with regard to antinociceptive potency was taken as evidence for the absence of a local effect. Amikacin sulphate-induced antinociception seems unlikely to be due to non-specific behaviour alteration, since this drug, at a dose range of 15-100 mg kg(-1)did not affect motor coordination of mice in rot-a-rod test. Morphine (1 mg kg(-1)) also caused antinociception when administered i.p. or s.c. but the effect was greater with the latter route. At the i.p. site; the concurrent use of amikacin and morphine produced more remarkable antinociception compared to their individual usages. Besides, naloxone (2 mg kg(-1)) significantly decreased antinociceptive effect of amikacin but itself also exerted antinociception. At present, we have no plausible explanation for these findings at the i.p. site.
Insights
Amikacin sulphate demonstrated pain relief in mice, with no difference between intraperitoneal and subcutaneous administration. Its analgesic effect may involve opioid pathways, as naloxone partially blocked amikacin
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Pain Management
- Neuroscience
Background:
- Amikacin sulphate is an aminoglycoside antibiotic.
- Its analgesic properties and mechanisms are not fully understood.
- Investigating non-traditional uses of antibiotics for pain relief.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the antinociceptive effects of amikacin sulphate in a mouse model of inflammatory pain.
- To compare the efficacy of intraperitoneal (i.p.) versus subcutaneous (s.c.) administration.
- To explore the potential involvement of opioid pathways in amikacin-induced analgesia.
Main Methods:
- Acetic acid writhing test in BALB/c mice to assess antinociception.
- Rotarod test to evaluate motor coordination.
- Administration of amikacin sulphate (30 mg kg(-1)) via i.p. and s.c. routes.
- Co-administration with morphine (1 mg kg(-1)) and naloxone (2 mg kg(-1)).
Main Results:
- Amikacin sulphate produced significant antinociception via both i.p. and s.c. routes, with no difference in potency.
- Amikacin did not impair motor coordination, suggesting a specific analgesic effect.
- Concurrent administration of amikacin and morphine enhanced antinociception compared to individual treatments.
- Naloxone significantly reduced amikacin's antinociceptive effect, indicating potential opioid receptor involvement.
Conclusions:
- Amikacin sulphate possesses significant antinociceptive properties in inflammatory pain models.
- The route of administration (i.p. vs. s.c.) does not influence amikacin's analgesic potency.
- Evidence suggests a potential interaction with the opioid system, although the exact mechanism remains unclear.