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Platelets and whole blood coagulation.

R F Baugh1

  • 1Research and Scientific Affairs, Medtronic Perfusion Systems, Parker, Colorado 80134, USA. robert.f.baugh@medtronic.com

Perfusion
|February 17, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Whole blood clotting times change as samples age due to platelet preactivation, a process mitigated by prostacyclin. This finding impacts understanding platelet behavior and cardiovascular disease risk.

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Vascular Biology
  • Platelet Physiology

Background:

  • Activated clotting time (ACT) assays revealed changes in whole blood coagulation over time (0-6 hours).
  • Plasma coagulation parameters remained stable, indicating the issue was specific to whole blood components.
  • These changes were traced to platelets and their interaction with the vascular lining.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the cause of altered coagulation times in aged whole blood samples.
  • To understand the mechanism of platelet 'preactivation' outside the vascular system.
  • To explore the role of vascular endothelium-derived factors in platelet stability.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized activated clotting time (ACT) assays to monitor whole blood and plasma coagulation.
  • Investigated the effect of blood storage duration on coagulation parameters.
  • Examined the influence of prostacyclin and other endothelial factors on platelet behavior.

Main Results:

  • Whole blood clotting times significantly changed with sample aging, unlike plasma.
  • Platelet 'preactivation' was identified as the cause, linked to the absence of vascular prostacyclin (PGI2).
  • Prostacyclin addition upon collection prevented platelet preactivation, with significant donor variability observed.

Conclusions:

  • Platelet preactivation in collected blood samples is a reproducible phenomenon, influenced by vascular factors like prostacyclin.
  • Understanding this mechanism is crucial for improving platelet function during procedures like bypass surgery.
  • Further research is needed to establish the clinical significance for cardiovascular disease risk assessment.

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