[Radiological anatomical examinations in skulls from anthropological collections (author's transl)]

A total of 114 skulls dating from the Neolithic Age, the Bronze Age and the Iron Age, of Incas and Red Indians, of Asians from North and South China, as well as Negro skulls found in Turkey were radiologically analysed and compared with control skulls of recent origin. The 3 standard X-ray views were taken (postero-anterior, axial and lateral) and appropriate linear and angle measurements were carried out. The resultant 4120 values were compared by variance analysis and the differences between the groups are presented. The differences in linear values may be attributable merely to racial variation; the constancy of the obtained angle measurements is striking. The results were also compared by means of linear regression with measured volume values of the brain skull; it was thereby possible to develop a new formula by means of which the volume of the brain skull can be calculated from the parameter BPH (introduced by the author) and from the distance B with the help of a constant factor. The importance of Radiology in Anthropology is pointed out.