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Related Experiment Videos

Implicit and explicit memory: a functional dissociation in persons with Down syndrome.

S Vicari1, S Bellucci, G A Carlesimo

  • 1IRCCS, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Lungomare Guglielmo Marconi 36, Rome, Italy. vicari@opbg.net

Neuropsychologia
|March 11, 2000
PubMed
Summary
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Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) show intact implicit memory but impaired explicit memory compared to mental-age matched children. This dissociation highlights specific memory challenges in DS.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Down syndrome (DS) is a genetic condition associated with cognitive impairments.
  • Long-term memory functioning in DS requires further investigation, particularly the distinction between implicit and explicit memory systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and compare implicit and explicit long-term memory functioning in individuals with Down syndrome (DS) and mental-age (MA) matched typically developing children.
  • To explore the potential dissociation between different memory systems in DS.

Main Methods:

  • Administered verbal and visuo-perceptual explicit memory tests.
  • Utilized verbal and visual repetition priming tasks to assess implicit memory.
  • Included procedural learning tasks.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Compared performance between 14 DS subjects and 20 MA-matched normal children.

    • Main Results:

    • Implicit memory abilities were comparable between the DS and MA-matched groups.
    • Explicit memory functioning was significantly better in the MA-matched children compared to individuals with DS.
    • A clear dissociation was observed between intact implicit memory and impaired explicit memory in the DS group.

    Conclusions:

    • The findings reveal a functional dissociation between implicit and explicit long-term memory in individuals with Down syndrome.
    • These results have implications for understanding the cognitive profile of DS and for developing targeted rehabilitative strategies.