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Related Experiment Videos

Cytokinesis without myosin II.

G Gerisch1, I Weber

  • 1Max-Planck-Institut für Biochemie, Martinsried, D-82152, Germany. gerisch@biochem.mpg.de

Current Opinion in Cell Biology
|February 19, 2000
PubMed
Summary
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Dictyostelium cells can divide without myosin II, enabling studies on cleavage furrow formation. Microtubules program cell surfaces, driving furrow development and protein translocation via actin flow.

Area of Science:

  • Cell biology
  • Cytokinesis research
  • Biophysics of cell division

Background:

  • Cell division typically relies on a contractile ring of actin and myosin II.
  • Studying cytokinesis without this ring is challenging but crucial for understanding fundamental mechanisms.
  • Dictyostelium discoideum offers a model for myosin-II-independent cell division.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanisms of cleavage furrow formation in the absence of a myosin II contractile ring.
  • To elucidate the role of microtubules and cortical proteins in non-canonical cytokinesis.
  • To understand the dynamics of membrane and protein flow during cell division.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing substrate-anchored Dictyostelium cells lacking functional myosin II.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Observing cell surface programming by microtubules.
  • Analyzing the translocation of cortexillins and cross-linked membrane proteins.
  • Investigating actin filament dynamics and disassembly in the cleavage furrow.

    • Main Results:

    • Demonstrated myosin-II-independent cell division is possible in Dictyostelium.
    • Identified microtubule-induced cell surface polarization into ruffling and concave furrow regions.
    • Observed directed translocation of specific cortical proteins towards the forming furrow.
    • Proposed a model involving centripetal actin flow and disassembly for protein translocation.

    Conclusions:

    • Cell division can proceed without a canonical myosin II contractile ring.
    • Microtubules play a key role in organizing the cell surface for cytokinesis.
    • Actin dynamics, independent of myosin II, contribute to cleavage furrow progression and protein localization.