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Cancer and aging. An evolving panorama.

L Balducci¹, M Extermann

¹Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, USA.

Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America

|February 19, 2000

Summary

Cancer incidence rises with age, with 70% of neoplasms expected in those 65+ by 2020. Effective cancer control in older adults requires individualized, multidimensional assessment and tailored interventions for improved outcomes.

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Area of Science:

Geriatric Oncology
Cancer Epidemiology
Aging Research

Background:

Cancer incidence significantly increases with age, with projections indicating a substantial rise in older populations.
The growing elderly demographic necessitates specialized approaches to cancer control and management.

Purpose of the Study:

To illustrate the evolving nosology of cancer with patient age.
To outline strategies for improved cancer control in older adults.
To highlight areas for future research in geriatric oncology.

Main Methods:

Review of current trends in cancer incidence among the elderly.
Discussion of individualized, multidimensional assessment for treatment planning.
Emphasis on chemoprevention, early diagnosis, and tailored treatment including antineoplastic therapy and symptom management.

Main Results:

By 2020, 70% of all neoplasms are projected to occur in individuals aged 65 and over.
Individualized interventions considering life expectancy, treatment complications, and quality of life are crucial.
Prudent pharmacologic principles, including dose adjustment and supportive therapies (epoietin, hemopoietic growth factors), are vital for chemotherapy in older patients.

Conclusions:

Cancer control in the aged requires a comprehensive approach encompassing public and professional education, individualized treatment, and prudent pharmacologic management.
Further research is needed in areas such as molecular interactions, host-tumor dynamics, chemoprevention, and clinical trials specific to older cancer patients.

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