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Hepatitis E virus in Cuba.

G Lemos1, S Jameel, S Panda

  • 1Division of Immunotechnology and Diagnostics, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), Havana, Cuba.

Journal of Clinical Virology : the Official Publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology
|February 19, 2000
PubMed
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Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infections are a significant cause of sporadic hepatitis in Cuba. This study confirms HEV is endemic in the region, impacting blood donors and hepatitis patients.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Epidemiology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is globally distributed, causing waterborne epidemics primarily through fecal-oral transmission.
  • While endemic in Asia and Africa, HEV studies in Latin America are limited.
  • Potential parenteral transmission routes, including blood transfusions, have been suggested.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for detecting IgM and IgG antibodies against HEV.
  • To investigate the prevalence of anti-HEV antibodies in Cuban populations, including blood donors and hepatitis cases.
  • To compare the incidence of anti-HEV IgM with other viral hepatitis markers.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a novel EIA using recombinant HEV ORF3 protein for IgM and IgG detection.

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  • Utilized the developed EIA and a commercial kit (ORF2/ORF3 epitopes) for seroprevalence studies.
  • Assessed anti-HEV antibody prevalence in Cuban blood donors, acute hepatitis patients, and plasmapheresis individuals.

    • Main Results:

    • The study detected anti-HEV IgM and IgG antibodies in the analyzed Cuban population samples.
    • Findings indicate HEV infections are a notable cause of sporadic hepatitis in Cuba.
    • HEV is confirmed as endemic in this Latin American region.

    Conclusions:

    • HEV infections represent a significant etiological agent for sporadic hepatitis in Cuba.
    • The developed EIA is effective for detecting HEV antibodies.
    • This research highlights the endemic status of HEV in Cuba, necessitating further epidemiological surveillance.