Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 20, 2026

Assessment of Morphine-induced Hyperalgesia and Analgesic Tolerance in Mice Using Thermal and Mechanical Nociceptive Modalities
07:23

Assessment of Morphine-induced Hyperalgesia and Analgesic Tolerance in Mice Using Thermal and Mechanical Nociceptive Modalities

Published on: July 29, 2014

[Distribution of morphine in acute morphine-treated rats]

Z Xu, J Wu, B Wang

    Hua Xi Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao = Journal of West China University of Medical Sciences = Huaxi Yike Daxue Xuebao
    |February 23, 2000
    PubMed

    Insights

    This study maps morphine distribution in rat organs using immunohistochemistry. Findings reveal morphine presence in various tissues, aiding forensic toxicological analysis sample selection.

    Area of Science:

    • Pharmacology
    • Toxicology
    • Histology

    Context:

    • Acute morphine administration in animal models is crucial for understanding drug pharmacokinetics.
    • Immunohistochemistry provides precise spatial localization of substances within tissues.

    Purpose:

    • To investigate the temporal and spatial distribution of morphine in internal organs of rats following acute intraperitoneal injection.
    • To establish a baseline for selecting appropriate tissues for forensic analysis.

    Summary:

    • Morphine distribution was examined in rat organs 10-160 minutes post-injection via immunohistochemistry (PAP method).
    • Morphine was detected in the heart, liver (hepatocytes, bile canaliculi), spleen, kidneys, adrenal glands, stomach (parietal cells), small intestine (villus), pancreas (islet cells), and salivary glands (sublingual, submandibular).
    • Specific tissue presence varied with time, with early detection in cardiac, liver, spleen, pancreas, and intestinal tissues, and later detection in cardiac and stomach tissues.

    Impact:

    • Provides critical data for forensic toxicologists to optimize sample selection in post-mortem investigations.
    • Enhances understanding of morphine's pharmacokinetic profile and tissue accumulation patterns.
    • Establishes a foundation for future research on drug distribution and metabolism.

    More Related Videos

    A Conditioned Place Preference Protocol for Measuring Incubation of Craving in Rats04:11

    A Conditioned Place Preference Protocol for Measuring Incubation of Craving in Rats

    Published on: November 6, 2018

    Combining Laser Capture Microdissection and Microfluidic qPCR to Analyze Transcriptional Profiles of Single Cells: A Systems Biology Approach to Opioid Dependence09:54

    Combining Laser Capture Microdissection and Microfluidic qPCR to Analyze Transcriptional Profiles of Single Cells: A Systems Biology Approach to Opioid Dependence

    Published on: March 8, 2020

    Related Concept Videos

    Opioid Receptors: Overview01:22

    Opioid Receptors: Overview

    Opioid receptors, including the mu (μ, MOR), delta (δ, DOR), and kappa (κ, KOR) types, belong to the rhodopsin family of G protein-coupled receptors. These receptors are located throughout the central and peripheral nervous systems and in non-neuronal tissues such as macrophages and astrocytes. Opioid receptor ligands can be categorized into agonists or antagonists. Highly selective agonists include [d-Ala2, MePhe4, Gly(ol)5]-enkephalin or DAMGO for MOR, [D-Pen2, D-Pen5]-enkephalin or DPDPE for...
    Analgesia and Pain Management01:25

    Analgesia and Pain Management

    Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...
    Opioid Analgesics: Morphine and Other Natural Cogeners01:20

    Opioid Analgesics: Morphine and Other Natural Cogeners

    Opioids are a class of drugs that mimic endogenous opioid peptides and act on opioid receptors, and help in pain relief. These compounds are classified as natural, synthetic, or semi-synthetic. Natural opioids, like morphine, codeine, and thebaine, are derived from the opium poppy plant (Papaver somniferum or Papaver album) and are termed opiates. Synthetic opioids are artificial, while semi-synthetic opioids combine natural and synthetic compounds. Morphine, a prototypical opioid, possesses a...
    Opioid Analgesics: Synthetic and Semisynthetic Opioids01:15

    Opioid Analgesics: Synthetic and Semisynthetic Opioids

    Synthetic and semisynthetic opioids are pivotal in pain management and tackling opioid addiction. Semisynthetic opioids, including morphinans (morphine derivatives), oxycodone, oxymorphone, hydrocodone, and hydromorphone, have improved pharmacokinetic profiles compared to morphine. Additionally, heroin and 6-MAM (6-Monoacetylmorphine) show better CNS penetration than morphine due to heightened lipid solubility. Hydromorphone, a potent opioid, undergoes hepatic metabolism to form the active...