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Hepadnavirus infection in captive gibbons.

R E Lanford1, D Chavez, R Rico-Hesse

  • 1Department of Virology and Immunology, Southwest Regional Primate Research Center, Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research, San Antonio, Texas 78227, USA. rlanford@icarus.sfbr.org

Journal of Virology
|February 23, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Researchers discovered hepatitis B virus (HBV) in gibbons, closely related to human strains. This suggests gibbons may contract HBV from human infections, highlighting potential cross-species transmission risks.

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Primate Health
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Hepadnaviruses, including hepatitis B virus (HBV), are known to infect various animal species.
  • Recent isolation of a nonhuman primate hepadnavirus from woolly monkeys prompted further investigation into other primate populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence of hepadnaviruses in captive gibbons.
  • To characterize the genetic relationship between gibbon hepadnaviruses and known human HBV strains.

Main Methods:

  • Serological analysis of 30 captive gibbons to detect HBV infection markers.
  • Amino acid sequencing of core and surface genes from gibbon virus isolates.
  • Phylogenetic analysis to determine the evolutionary relationship of gibbon isolates to human HBV.

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Main Results:

  • 47% of the 30 captive gibbons tested positive for markers of current or past HBV infection.
  • Amino acid sequences of core and surface genes in gibbon isolates showed high similarity to human HBV.
  • Phylogenetic analysis placed the gibbon HBV isolates within the human HBV family.

Conclusions:

  • Gibbons are susceptible to hepatitis B virus infection.
  • The genetic similarity and phylogenetic placement suggest that gibbon HBV isolates likely originated from human sources.
  • This finding indicates a potential for cross-species transmission of HBV between humans and gibbons.