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Effects of clomiphene citrate on the endometrium of regularly cycling women
W Sereepapong1, S Suwajanakorn, S Triratanachat
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand. trcwsr@md2.md.chula.ac.th
Objective:
To study the effects of clomiphene citrate (CC) on the endometrium of regularly cycling women.
Design:
Prospective, controlled study.
Setting:
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Patient(S):
Thirty healthy, regularly cycling, female volunteers.
Intervention(S):
All volunteers were studied for two consecutive cycles, one control cycle and one CC-treated cycle. Clomiphene citrate (100 mg/d) was given on days 3-7 of the CC-treated cycles. Ultrasonography was performed daily to assess ovulation. Ultrasonography and endometrial biopsy were performed, and blood samples were obtained for determination of E2 and progesterone levels 7 days after ovulation in both the control and CC-treated cycles.
Main Outcome Measure(S):
Histologic dating, morphometric analysis, and ultrasonographic appearance and thickness of the endometrium.
Result(S):
Histologic dating and ultrasonographic appearance and thickness of the endometrium were similar in the control and CC-treated cycles, but morphometric parameters were different. The number of glands per square millimeter and the mean diameter of the glands were lower in the CC-treated cycles than in the control cycles, but the number of vacuolated cells per 1,000 glandular cells was higher.
Conclusion(S):
Clomiphene citrate has effects on the endometrium of regularly cycling women, as demonstrated by a reduction in glandular density and an increase in the number of vacuolated cells.
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