Pathophysiology of occlusal balance

Area of Science:

• Dental Science
• Biomedical Engineering
• Physiology

Background:

• Functional disturbances in the masticatory system signal a breakdown in adaptive capacity.
• Historically, balanced occlusion was considered essential for dental health.
• The concept of occlusal stability has evolved, with ongoing debate regarding centric occlusion versus centric jaw relation for stable tooth contact.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore the evolving concepts of occlusal stability in the masticatory system.
• To propose a prerequisite for physiologically balanced occlusion.
• To investigate the role of anatomical median occlusal position in biological adaptability.

Main Methods:

• Literature review on occlusal concepts.
• Analysis of adaptive capacity in masticatory system function.
• Theoretical modeling of occlusal harmony.

Main Results:

• The traditional view of balanced occlusion has been challenged by evolving concepts.
• Controversy persists regarding the precise location of stable tooth contact.
• A median occlusal position is identified as crucial for physiological balance.

Conclusions:

• The masticatory system's health depends on its adaptive capacity.
• Physiological balance in occlusion is achievable through harmony at the anatomical median occlusal position.
• This position is suggested as a prerequisite for a healthy, adaptable masticatory system.