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Related Concept Videos

Embryonic Stem Cells00:58

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
Mesenchymal Stem Cells01:19

Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their access...
Source And Potency Of Stem Cells01:27

Source And Potency Of Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells with extensive self-renewal properties that help them maintain their population during the fetal and adult stages of life. They can specialize in all cell types of the human body. However, their differential potential may vary and can be classified into five types. Stem cells can be (1) Totipotent, (2) Pluripotent, (3) Multipotent, (4) Oligopotent, and (5) Unipotent. Each stem cell has a specific origin; the fertilized egg or zygote is a totipotent cell and...
Stem Cell Culture01:17

Stem Cell Culture

Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...
Embryonic Stem Cells00:57

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
ES cells are grown in a culture medium where they can divide indefinitely, creating ES cell lines. Under certain conditions, ES cells can differentiate, either spontaneously into a variety of...
iPS Cell Differentiation01:22

iPS Cell Differentiation

The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Isolation of Perivascular Multipotent Precursor Cell Populations from Human Cardiac Tissue
08:15

Isolation of Perivascular Multipotent Precursor Cell Populations from Human Cardiac Tissue

Published on: October 8, 2016

Why stem cells?

D van der Kooy1, S Weiss

  • 1Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8 Canada. derek.van.der.kooy@utoronto.ca

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|February 26, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Most stem cells emerge late in development to renew tissues and ensure long-term survival. Surprisingly, adult stem cells can replenish various tissues, challenging previous understandings of their function.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental biology
  • Stem cell biology
  • Evolutionary biology

Background:

  • Stem cells are crucial for development and tissue maintenance.
  • Their origin and precise roles, particularly in adult organisms, are areas of ongoing research.
  • Understanding stem cell function is key to regenerative medicine.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the functional, evolutionary, and developmental aspects of stem cells.
  • To investigate the timing of stem cell emergence during organism development.
  • To examine the potential of adult stem cells in tissue replenishment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on stem cell biology.
  • Analysis of developmental and evolutionary data related to stem cell origins.

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Isolation and Characterization of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells from Human Umbilical Cord and Fetal Placenta
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Isolation and Characterization of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells from Human Umbilical Cord and Fetal Placenta

Published on: April 3, 2017

Setting a Successful Sorting for Extracellular Vesicle Isolation
08:37

Setting a Successful Sorting for Extracellular Vesicle Isolation

Published on: October 11, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Isolation of Perivascular Multipotent Precursor Cell Populations from Human Cardiac Tissue
08:15

Isolation of Perivascular Multipotent Precursor Cell Populations from Human Cardiac Tissue

Published on: October 8, 2016

Isolation and Characterization of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells from Human Umbilical Cord and Fetal Placenta
07:06

Isolation and Characterization of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells from Human Umbilical Cord and Fetal Placenta

Published on: April 3, 2017

Setting a Successful Sorting for Extracellular Vesicle Isolation
08:37

Setting a Successful Sorting for Extracellular Vesicle Isolation

Published on: October 11, 2024

  • Synthesis of recent findings on adult stem cell plasticity.
  • Main Results:

    • Stem cells may predominantly arise later in development rather than early.
    • The primary role of most stem cells appears to be tissue renewal for long-term survival.
    • Tissue-specific adult stem cells demonstrate potential for contributing to multiple adult tissues.

    Conclusions:

    • The conventional view of stem cell timing and function requires re-evaluation.
    • Adult stem cell plasticity offers new avenues for therapeutic interventions.
    • Further research into stem cell origins and multi-tissue potential is warranted.