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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Magnetically Induced Rotating Rayleigh-Taylor Instability

Magnetically Induced Rotating Rayleigh-Taylor Instability

Published on: March 3, 2017

Rippling instability of a collapsing bubble

da Silveira R¹, Chaieb, Mahadevan

¹Department of Physics, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|February 26, 2000

Summary

Air bubbles rising in viscous liquids create slow-bursting domes that fold into wavy patterns. This geometric phenomenon, driven by gravity and bending forces, predicts a specific number of ripples, confirmed by experiments.

Area of Science:

Fluid dynamics
Rheology
Surface physics

Background:

Bubbles in viscous liquids form surface domes.
Unlike soap bubbles, these domes collapse slowly under gravity.
This collapse leads to a unique wavy or rippling structure.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the physics behind the slow collapse and rippling of air bubbles in viscous liquids.
To formulate a theoretical model for the onset and growth of surface corrugations.
To establish a quantitative relationship between bubble properties and ripple formation.

Main Methods:

Theoretical modeling of fluid sheet dynamics.
Analysis of the interplay between gravitational and bending forces.
Experimental observation of bubble behavior in viscous fluids.

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Last Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Magnetically Induced Rotating Rayleigh-Taylor Instability

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Published on: March 3, 2017

Measurements of Waves in a Wind-wave Tank Under Steady and Time-varying Wind Forcing

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Published on: February 13, 2018

Induction of Microstreaming by Nonspherical Bubble Oscillations in an Acoustic Levitation System

Induction of Microstreaming by Nonspherical Bubble Oscillations in an Acoustic Levitation System

Published on: May 9, 2021

Main Results:

A theory for the onset of surface rippling in viscous sheets was developed.
The growth of corrugations is governed by a balance of gravitational and bending forces.
A quantitative expression for the number of ripples was derived and experimentally validated.

Conclusions:

The rippling effect in viscous fluid sheets is primarily a geometric phenomenon.
The derived theory and ripple number expression show wide applicability across various fluid properties and scales.
Experimental results strongly support the theoretical predictions for ripple formation.