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Related Experiment Videos

Infant feeding patterns affect the subsequent immunological features in cow's milk allergy.

K M Saarinen1, E Savilahti

  • 1Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.

Clinical and Experimental Allergy : Journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|February 26, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Prolonged exclusive or combined breast-feeding in the first two months may induce an immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated response to cow's milk in infants prone to allergy. This finding is crucial for understanding infant food allergies.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Pediatrics
  • Allergology

Background:

  • Infant immune responses to food antigens vary based on dose, timing, and genetics.
  • While most infants develop tolerance, some experience adverse reactions.
  • Cow's milk allergy (CMA) is a common concern in infancy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of feeding regimens (breast vs. formula) and environmental/genetic factors on CMA.
  • To classify CMA based on the presence or absence of immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies.
  • To identify risk factors associated with IgE-mediated CMA.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective cohort study of 6209 infants from birth.
  • Detailed recording of infant feeding practices.
  • Cow's milk challenge at a mean age of 6.7 months, preceded by skin-prick tests and serum IgE measurements.

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Main Results:

  • 1.9% of infants (118/6209) reacted adversely to cow's milk challenge.
  • 75% of allergic infants (75/118) were IgE-positive, often presenting with urticaria.
  • Significant risk factors for IgE-positive CMA included prolonged exclusive breast-feeding in the first 2 months and early cow's milk exposure.

Conclusions:

  • Prolonged breast-feeding, especially exclusively or with minimal cow's milk exposure in early infancy, can induce an IgE-mediated response in susceptible infants.
  • Early feeding practices play a critical role in the development of IgE-mediated cow's milk allergy.
  • Findings highlight the complex interplay between infant feeding and immune sensitization to food antigens.