Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Normal Strain under Axial Loading01:20

Normal Strain under Axial Loading

Normal strain under axial loading is an important concept in the field of mechanics of materials. Axial loading implies the application of a force along the axis of a material, like a column or bar. This force can either compress or stretch the material. In the context of axial loading, normal strain is the deformation experienced by the material in the direction of the loading force. It's calculated as the change in length divided by the original length of the material. This unitless ratio...
Deformation of Member under Multiple Loadings01:11

Deformation of Member under Multiple Loadings

When a rod is made of different materials or has various cross-sections, it must be divided into parts that meet the necessary conditions for determining the deformation. These parts are each characterized by their internal force, cross-sectional area, length, and modulus of elasticity. These parameters are then used to compute the deformation of the entire rod.
In the case of a member with a variable cross-section, the strain is not constant but depends on the position. The deformation of an...
Relation between Poisson's ratio, Modulus of Elasticity and Modulus of Rigidity01:15

Relation between Poisson's ratio, Modulus of Elasticity and Modulus of Rigidity

Deformation occurs in axial and transverse directions when an axial load is applied to a slender bar. This deformation impacts the cubic element within the bar, transforming it into either a rectangular parallelepiped or a rhombus, contingent on its orientation. This transformation process induces shearing strain. Axial loading elicits both shearing and normal strains. Applying an axial load instigates equal normal and shearing stresses on elements oriented at a 45° angle to the load axis.
Eccentric Axial Loading in a Plane of Symmetry01:16

Eccentric Axial Loading in a Plane of Symmetry

Eccentric axial loading occurs when an axial load is applied away from the centroidal axis of a structural member. This scenario is common in engineering, where structural elements may not be directly aligned due to various design or functional requirements.
General Case of Eccentric Axial Loading01:12

General Case of Eccentric Axial Loading

Unsymmetrical bending occurs when the bending moment applied to a structural member does not align with its principal axis. This misalignment leads to complex stress distributions and deflection patterns that differ from symmetrical bending, which are essential for designing structures to withstand different loading conditions.
Consider a member subjected to equal and opposite forces that are applied along a line that does not coincide with the member's neutral axis. In unsymmetrical bending,...
Transformation of Plane Strain01:12

Transformation of Plane Strain

When analyzing elongated structures like bars subjected to uniformly distributed loads, it is essential to understand the transformation of plane strain when coordinate axes are rotated. This transformation helps to assess how material deformation characteristics vary with orientation, which is crucial in materials science and structural engineering.
Under plane strain conditions, typical for members where one dimension significantly exceeds the others, deformations and resultant strains are...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Cerebrovascular permeability changes induced by radiopaque contrast substances in various areas of rabbit brain.

Neuroscience letters·2009
Same author

Experimental studies of the effects of abnormal venous valves on fluid flow.

Biotechnology progress·2005
Same author

Painless pancreatitis after implantation of a biventricular assistive device.

Transplantation proceedings·2003
Same author

Environmental policy implementation in rural China: a case study of Yuhang, Zhejiang.

Environmental management·2001
Same author

Infection in patients after implantation of an orthopedic device.

ASAIO journal (American Society for Artificial Internal Organs : 1992)·2000
Same author

Fractures in very low birth weight infants with rickets.

Clinical orthopaedics and related research·1997

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 23, 2026

Individualized Stem-positioning in Calcar-guided Short-stem Total Hip Arthroplasty
09:31

Individualized Stem-positioning in Calcar-guided Short-stem Total Hip Arthroplasty

Published on: February 27, 2018

Does axial limb rotation affect the alignment measurements in deformed limbs?

K E Swanson1, G W Stocks, P D Warren

  • 1Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock 79430, USA.

Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research
|February 29, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Accurate alignment in knee surgery is crucial. Tibiofemoral angles are sensitive to limb rotation in valgus/varus deformities, unlike the femur

More Related Videos

Three-Dimensional Preoperative Virtual Planning in Derotational Proximal Femoral Osteotomy
08:15

Three-Dimensional Preoperative Virtual Planning in Derotational Proximal Femoral Osteotomy

Published on: February 17, 2023

Atomic Force Microscopy Measurements of Cartilage in Intact and Regenerating Axolotl Limbs
09:19

Atomic Force Microscopy Measurements of Cartilage in Intact and Regenerating Axolotl Limbs

Published on: October 11, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 23, 2026

Individualized Stem-positioning in Calcar-guided Short-stem Total Hip Arthroplasty
09:31

Individualized Stem-positioning in Calcar-guided Short-stem Total Hip Arthroplasty

Published on: February 27, 2018

Three-Dimensional Preoperative Virtual Planning in Derotational Proximal Femoral Osteotomy
08:15

Three-Dimensional Preoperative Virtual Planning in Derotational Proximal Femoral Osteotomy

Published on: February 17, 2023

Atomic Force Microscopy Measurements of Cartilage in Intact and Regenerating Axolotl Limbs
09:19

Atomic Force Microscopy Measurements of Cartilage in Intact and Regenerating Axolotl Limbs

Published on: October 11, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic surgery
  • Biomechanical analysis

Background:

  • Achieving precise alignment is critical for successful total knee arthroplasty and osteotomy outcomes.
  • Preoperative planning relies on accurate measurements of lower limb alignment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of axial limb rotation on tibiofemoral angles.
  • To assess the effect of axial rotation on the angle between the femur's anatomic and mechanical axes.
  • To compare these effects in lower extremities with valgus and varus deformities versus normal alignment.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized lower extremity models with varying degrees of valgus and varus deformities.
  • Measured tibiofemoral angles under different degrees of internal and external axial rotation.
  • Measured the angle between the femur's anatomic and mechanical axes across a range of rotation.

Main Results:

  • Tibiofemoral angles showed statistically significant changes with 10-degree rotation in severe valgus/varus deformities.
  • The angle between the femur's anatomic and mechanical axes varied by less than 1 degree, even with 40 degrees of rotation.
  • Tibiofemoral angle measurements are more susceptible to axial rotation in deformed limbs compared to normally aligned limbs.

Conclusions:

  • Tibiofemoral angle measurements are significantly affected by axial limb rotation in valgus and varus deformities.
  • The angle between the femur's anatomic and mechanical axes is a more rotationally stable measurement for preoperative planning.
  • This finding is important for improving the accuracy of preoperative planning in total knee arthroplasty and osteotomy procedures.