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Risk factors for neonatal mortality: Harare Central Hospital Neonatal Unit--Zimbabwe.

R A Kambarami1, P Matibe, D Pirie

  • 1Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Zimbabwe Medical School, Avondale, Harare.

The Central African Journal of Medicine
|March 1, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Low birth weight is the primary risk factor for neonatal mortality in this tertiary hospital. Strategies focusing on low birth weight infants can significantly reduce infant deaths.

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatalogy
  • Public Health
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Neonatal mortality remains a significant global health challenge.
  • Identifying specific risk factors is crucial for developing targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and assess risk factors associated with neonatal mortality.
  • To inform strategies for reducing infant mortality in a tertiary care setting.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control analysis was conducted using routine neonatal data from 1998.
  • Data included 5,305 neonatal admissions at Harare Central Hospital Neonatal Unit.
  • Key variables analyzed included birth weight, delivery type, maternal booking status, and congenital malformations.

Main Results:

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  • The overall neonatal mortality rate was 19.3%.
  • Significant risk factors for mortality included low birth weight (OR 4.67), un-booked mothers (OR 2.36), and prematurity (OR 2.36).
  • Respiratory distress and Cesarean sections were associated with improved survival.

Conclusions:

  • Low birth weight is the most significant risk factor for neonatal mortality in this setting.
  • Interventions targeting low birth weight infants, such as antenatal corticosteroids and improved neonatal intensive care, are recommended.