Immunology of Helicobacter pylori infection

We have tried to answer several questions in this article, dealing with: ontogenesis of the immune response, presentation of H. pylori antigens to immune cells, systemic vs local immune response, cytokine Th1/Th2 configuration, the role of cytokines, especially represented during H. pylori infection, mimicry phenomena, extragastroduodenal sites and manifestations and finally, vaccine development. The new achievements in the vaccine field, also of Polish groups, were underlined.