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Inframammary fold: a histologic reappraisal.
C D Muntan1, M J Sundine, R D Rink
1Department of Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, KY 40292, USA.
Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
|March 4, 2000
Summary
The inframammary fold
Area of Science:
- Anatomy
- Plastic Surgery
- Histology
Background:
- The inframammary fold (IMF) is crucial for breast shape and reconstruction.
- Accurate anatomical descriptions of the IMF are lacking.
- Previous theories proposed a ligamentous structure supporting the IMF.
Purpose of the Study:
- To accurately describe the anatomical structure of the inframammary fold.
- To investigate the existence of a ligamentous structure in the IMF region.
- To inform breast reconstruction and ablative procedures.
Main Methods:
- Cadaveric dissection and histological analysis of 12 specimens (10 female, 2 male).
- Parasagittal sectioning of the inframammary fold with intact chest wall.
- Microscopic examination of stained tissue sections (Gomori's trichrome).
Main Results:
- No identifiable ligamentous structure was found in the inframammary fold region.
- Superficial and deep fascial layers were consistently observed anterior to chest muscles.
- Collagen fiber bundles from superficial fascia connected to the dermis, forming the fold.
Conclusions:
- The inframammary fold is formed by fascial connections, not a distinct ligament.
- Accurate understanding of IMF anatomy is essential for effective breast surgery.
- Fascial anatomy should be considered in breast reconstruction techniques.