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Conductive hearing loss associated with pressure equalization tubes.

S A Estrem1, P S Batra

  • 1Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA.

Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery : Official Journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
|March 4, 2000
PubMed
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Pressure equalization (PE) tubes, used for chronic middle ear fluid, can surprisingly worsen conductive hearing loss. Occluding the tubes improved hearing, indicating PE tubes may cause significant hearing impairment.

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Audiology
  • Medical Devices

Background:

  • Pressure equalization (PE) tubes are commonly inserted to treat chronic middle ear effusion and associated conductive hearing loss.
  • It is generally assumed that the small diameter of PE tubes does not impede sound conduction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate cases where PE tube placement resulted in significant conductive hearing loss.
  • To quantify the degree of hearing loss attributable to PE tubes.

Main Methods:

  • Case series of 5 patients experiencing worsened hearing after PE tube insertion.
  • Audiometric evaluation before and after PE tube occlusion with materials like cigarette paper or Gelfoam.

Main Results:

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  • PE tube placement led to significant conductive hearing loss in 5 patients.
  • Average conductive hearing losses attributed to PE tubes were 22, 17, 15, 13, 4, and 10 dB at 250, 500, 1000, 2000, 4000, and 8000 Hz, respectively.
  • Occlusion of the PE tubes demonstrated audiological improvement.

    • Conclusions:

    • The opening created by PE tubes in the tympanic membrane can cause substantial conductive hearing loss.
    • This hearing loss may be greater than commonly recognized, warranting further investigation into contributing factors.