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[Malaria in the Americas].

B Carme1, C Venturin

  • 1Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Guyane Française. b.carme@nplus.gf

Medecine Tropicale : Revue Du Corps De Sante Colonial
|March 4, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Malaria cases surged in the Americas due to deforestation, settlement, and drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum. Factors like El Nino and limited resources exacerbated the malaria resurgence.

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Area of Science:

  • Tropical Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health Entomology

Context:

  • Malaria was endemic in 21 American countries by 1996, with the Amazon basin heavily affected.
  • Malaria control efforts deteriorated significantly from the mid-1970s, leading to a twofold increase in cases.
  • Increased incidence and drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum strains emerged in some areas since 1990.

Purpose:

  • To analyze the factors contributing to the resurgence of malaria in the Americas.
  • To identify the primary drivers of increased malaria transmission and drug resistance.

Summary:

  • Deforestation created new Anopheles darlingi breeding sites, increasing malaria transmission.
  • Unrestrained settlement, migration to new areas, and inadequate healthcare access amplified outbreaks.
  • El Nino events and sociopolitical unrest further complicated malaria control efforts.

Impact:

  • Highlights the complex interplay of environmental, social, and climatic factors in malaria epidemiology.
  • Underscores the need for integrated strategies to address malaria resurgence in the Americas.
  • Identifies French Guiana as an area with similar risk factors, necessitating targeted interventions.

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