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Binary Black Hole Mergers from Planet-like Migrations.

The Astrophysical Journal

|March 4, 2000

Summary

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Supermassive black hole (BH) binaries are common but rarely observed, suggesting short lifetimes. A massive gas disk can rapidly merge BH binaries, potentially explaining quasar activity.

Area of Science:

Astrophysics
Cosmology
Galaxy Evolution

Background:

Supermassive black holes (BHs) are expected at galaxy centers.
Hierarchical galaxy merging suggests BH binaries are common temporary features.

Purpose of the Study:

Investigate the rarity of observed binary BHs.
Propose a mechanism for rapid BH binary mergers and associated phenomena.

Main Methods:

Theoretical analysis of stellar dynamical processes.
Modeling gas disk interactions with BH binaries.

Main Results:

Stellar dynamics are too slow to merge BH binaries once velocities exceed virial velocity.
Massive gas disks can rapidly induce BH binary mergers via accretion and inward migration.

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Conclusions:

BH binary mergers are likely rapid events, not prolonged states.
The proposed gas-driven merger mechanism offers an explanation for quasar activity.