[Delusional parasitosis or Ekbom's syndrome]

Ekbom's syndrome or delusional parasitosis is a disorder in which the patient believes that he/she is infected by a parasite. Epidemiologic, nosologic, psychopathologic and therapeutic data can barely be interpreted, as delusional parasitosis has mostly been described in either isolated cases or small cohorts. An extensive literature review is recommended to better understand common features associated with this syndrome.

Ekbom's syndrome is a chronic disorder that may occur at any age but is more common in the elderly, particularly in females. International classifications have included this syndrome in non-schizophrenic delusions. However, it has also been reported in schizophrenia, affective disorders, and organic or induced psychosis. Treatment is based on antipsychotic agents, psychotherapy, and cooperation between dermatologists and psychiatrists.

Pimozide is currently the most effective treatment. It requires careful monitoring, as it has several adverse effects. For patients with concomitant depressive symptoms, the use of antidepressants is recommended.