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Trace minerals in human growth and development.

C Castillo-Durán1, F Cassorla

  • 1Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism : JPEM
|March 7, 2000
PubMed
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Trace mineral deficiencies impact human development. Iron deficiency affects psychomotor skills, while zinc deficiency can cause growth retardation and psychomotor delays.

Area of Science:

  • Human biology
  • Nutritional science
  • Developmental biology

Background:

  • Trace minerals are vital for numerous biological functions, including physical growth, psychomotor development, and immunity.
  • Deficiencies in essential trace minerals can have profound effects across various life stages, from fetal development through adolescence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms by which trace mineral deficiencies impact biological functions.
  • To examine the evidence linking specific trace mineral deficiencies to impaired growth and development.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on trace mineral deficiencies.
  • Analysis of human and animal model data.
  • Examination of hormonal regulation and developmental outcomes.

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Main Results:

  • Iron deficiency is associated with impaired psychomotor development but not significantly with growth.
  • Zinc deficiency can lead to both growth retardation and delays in psychomotor development.
  • Other trace minerals like copper, manganese, selenium, and iodine also play roles in growth and development.

Conclusions:

  • Trace mineral status is critical for optimal child development.
  • Targeted interventions for iron and zinc deficiencies are important for preventing developmental deficits.
  • Further research into the specific roles of various trace minerals is warranted.