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The angiotensin type 2 receptor: variations on an enigmatic theme
1Institute of Pharmacology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Germany. th.unger@pharmakologie.uni-kiel.de
Journal of Hypertension
|March 7, 2000
Summary
The angiotensin AT2 receptor, once enigmatic, now shows opposing functions to the AT1 receptor. It modulates complex biological programs like development and regeneration, expanding the renin-angiotensin system
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology and Molecular Biology
- Cardiovascular Research
Background:
- The angiotensin AT2 receptor's signaling pathways and functions remained largely unknown.
- Angiotensin II actions via the AT2 receptor were found to directly oppose those mediated by the AT1 receptor.
Discussion:
- The AT2 receptor is upregulated by its agonist and by growth/differentiation factors during development and tissue injury.
- It acts as a modulator of complex biological programs including embryonic development, cell differentiation, tissue protection, regeneration, and programmed cell death.
Key Insights:
- The AT2 receptor exhibits mutually antagonistic effects on cell growth compared to the AT1 receptor.
- Its roles extend beyond cardiovascular control, influencing diverse biological processes.
Outlook:
- Further research into AT2 receptor signaling will elucidate novel therapeutic targets.
- Understanding the AT2 receptor's function expands the known roles of the renin-angiotensin system.