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Environmental injustice in North Carolina's hog industry.

S Wing¹, D Cole, G Grant

¹Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7400, USA. steve_wing@unc.edu

Environmental Health Perspectives

|March 8, 2000

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Intensive hog operations disproportionately impact poor and nonwhite communities in North Carolina, with concentrated pollution risks. Corporate integrators further exacerbate these environmental justice concerns.

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Area of Science:

Environmental Science
Public Health
Environmental Justice

Background:

Rapid expansion of the hog industry in North Carolina.
Concerns regarding pollution and odor impacts on vulnerable communities.

Purpose of the Study:

To analyze the spatial distribution of intensive hog operations.
To assess the relationship between hog operations and socioeconomic/racial characteristics of communities.
To evaluate the impact of population density on these relationships.

Main Methods:

Analysis of 2,514 intensive hog operations.
Geospatial analysis using census block groups.
Poisson regression to control for population density.

Main Results:

Hog operations are 7.2 times more common in the highest poverty quintile areas after population density adjustment.
Operations are 5 times more common in areas with higher nonwhite populations.
Concentration is highest in areas with both high poverty and high nonwhite populations.

Conclusions:

Intensive hog production disproportionately affects poor and nonwhite communities.
Corporate-owned operations show greater concentration in these areas.
Proximity to waste pits and well water dependence raise groundwater contamination concerns, potentially hindering public health improvements.