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Waldenström's macroglobulinemia.

M A Gertz¹, R Fonseca, S V Rajkumar

¹Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. gertz.morie@mayo.edu

|March 8, 2000

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Waldenström's macroglobulinemia is a rare lymphoma. Treatment is recommended only for symptomatic patients, with median survival around 65 months.

Area of Science:

Hematology
Oncology
Rare Diseases

Background:

Waldenström's macroglobulinemia is a low-grade lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma.
It affects approximately 2.5 per million people annually, with a median age of diagnosis at 63.
Clinical signs include organomegaly and fatigue due to anemia.

Purpose of the Study:

To describe the characteristics, prognostic factors, and treatment of Waldenström's macroglobulinemia.
To highlight the importance of symptom-based treatment decisions.

Main Methods:

Review of clinical manifestations, diagnostic markers, prognostic factors, and therapeutic options.
Analysis of patient data including age, hemoglobin levels, and presence of cryoglobulin.

Main Results:

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Fatigue is the most common symptom, linked to anemia (median hemoglobin 10 gm/dl).
All patients exhibit monoclonal IgM protein; high levels can cause hyperviscosity syndrome.
Key prognostic factors include hemoglobin, age, weight loss, and cryoglobulin presence.

Conclusions:

Treatment decisions for Waldenström's macroglobulinemia should be based on symptom presence.
Symptomatic patients have a median survival of 65 months.
Asymptomatic patients should not undergo treatment.