[Diagnostic criteria of insulin resistance and multiple risk factor syndrome]

Multiple risk factor syndrome (MRFS) is a clustering of cardiovascular risk factors, which describes the epidemiological association of glucose intolerance, central obesity, hypertension, increased triglyceride level and decreased HDL-cholesterol, leading to the atherosclerosis. Insulin resistance is diagnosed clinically by fasting hyperinsulinemia, steady state plasma glucose (SSPG) method, insulin tolerance test and glucose clamp study. Visceral fat accumulation is supposed to play a central role in pathogenesis of MRFS and induces risk factors for cardiovascular disease through the increased TNF-alpha expression in adipose tissue and serum FFA level, which cause insulin resistance state. These risk factors should be prevented at early stage by the intervention in obesity, especially visceral fat accumulation.