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Physiological changes in pigs exposed to a blast wave from a detonating high-explosive charge
H Axelsson1, H Hjelmqvist, A Medin
1Weapons and Protection Division, Defense Research Establishment, Stockholm, Sweden.
Military Medicine
|March 10, 2000
Summary
Blast wave exposure in pigs caused temporary brain activity depression and apnea, but no significant changes in respiration or circulation. Intestinal injuries occurred, but lungs remained undamaged.
Area of Science:
- Physiology
- Neuroscience
- Trauma Research
Background:
- Blast wave injuries are a significant concern in military and civilian settings.
- Understanding the physiological effects of blast exposure is crucial for developing effective treatments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of blast wave exposure on respiration, circulation, and brain activity in pigs.
- To identify potential blast-induced physiological changes and injuries.
Main Methods:
- Ten anesthetized pigs were used, with seven exposed to a blast wave and three serving as controls.
- Physiological parameters (respiration, circulation, electroencephalogram) were monitored before and after exposure.
- Injuries were assessed post-exposure.
Main Results:
- No significant changes were observed in heart rhythm, cardiac output, blood gases, pH, or mixed venous saturation.
- Blast exposure resulted in intestinal injuries but no lung damage.
- A transient electroencephalogram flattening and short-lasting apnea occurred immediately post-blast in exposed animals.
Conclusions:
- Blast wave exposure can induce transient central nervous system effects, potentially impacting the brainstem or higher control centers.
- While blast waves cause intestinal injury, they may not immediately affect major respiratory or circulatory functions.
- Further research is needed to fully understand the neurological consequences of blast injuries.