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Related Experiment Videos

Forensic study of sex determination using PCR on teeth samples.

H Murakami1, Y Yamamoto, K Yoshitome

  • 1Department of Legal Medicine, Okayama University Medical School, Japan.

Acta Medica Okayama
|March 10, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Forensic sex determination is reliable using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on tooth DNA, even in degraded or aged samples. This method accurately identifies sex from dental pulp and hard tissues in various challenging forensic scenarios.

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Science
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Accurate sex determination is crucial in forensic investigations, especially when dealing with decomposed or fragmented human remains.
  • Dental tissues offer a promising source of DNA for identification due to their resilience.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for sex determination using DNA extracted from various tooth components.
  • To assess the reliability of this method under diverse challenging conditions, including long-term preservation, environmental exposure, and thermal degradation.

Main Methods:

  • DNA extraction from dental pulp and hard tissues.
  • Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification targeting Y and X chromosome-specific alphoid repeat sequences.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Testing DNA from teeth subjected to various preservation conditions (long-term storage, seawater, soil) and heat treatments.

    • Main Results:

    • PCR demonstrated high sensitivity (0.5 pg genomic DNA) for detecting Y and X chromosome sequences.
    • Successful sex determination was achieved from fresh teeth, teeth stored for 22 years, and teeth exposed to seawater and soil for varying durations.
    • The method remained effective even after teeth were heated up to 200-250°C.
    • In forensic cases, sex determination was successful from dental pulp of mummified remains and from hard dental tissues of skeletal remains submerged in water for extended periods.

    Conclusions:

    • PCR-based sex determination using tooth material is a robust and versatile forensic technique.
    • The method is effective even with degraded DNA from teeth subjected to harsh environmental conditions and heat.
    • This approach provides a valuable tool for sex determination in challenging forensic casework involving skeletal or mummified remains.