[Ureter replacement by means of the umbilical vein]

Using a mixed lymphocyte culture and the 51-chromium release cytotoxicity assay, the antigenicity of umbilical vein of mice was found to be lower than the skin and the vena cava of the same embryo. In 13 dogs the middle-third of the ureter, and in 4 dogs the entire ureter, were replaced. The mean success rate was 60%. After two years, the umbilical vein showed ureter-like behavior functionally and histologically.