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The effect of prostaglandin E1 on human bone metabolism: evaluation by biochemical markers for bone turnover
M Takahashi1, H Hoshino, C Ishihara
1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Handa, Japan. taka1m@akiha.hama-med.ac.jp
Insights
Prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) did not stimulate bone formation in humans. Instead, this study found that PGE1 increased bone resorption, indicating a potential catabolic effect on bone metabolism.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Bone Metabolism
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Prostaglandins (PGs) exhibit complex effects on bone metabolism.
- Previous research on prostaglandin E (PGE) in human bone metabolism in vivo is limited.
- The osteogenic effect of PGE was initially observed in an infant with congenital heart disease.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of Prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) on human bone metabolism.
- To utilize biochemical bone markers to assess PGE1's effects.
- To evaluate PGE1's influence on bone formation and resorption in humans.
Main Methods:
- 18 subjects received PGE1 in lipid microspheres.
- Two administration schedules were used: daily for 14 days (6 subjects) and twice weekly for 7 weeks (12 subjects).
- Blood and urine samples were collected pre- and post-treatment to measure bone formation and resorption markers.
Main Results:
- Bone formation markers (alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, procollagen I carboxy-terminal peptide) remained unchanged.
- Bone resorption markers, type I collagen pyridinolines crosslinked C-telopeptide (ICTP) and free deoxypyridinoline (Dpd), showed significant increases in specific groups.
- Overall analysis indicated a trend towards increased bone resorption (ICTP and Dpd), though not statistically significant (p=0.055 for both).
Conclusions:
- PGE1, at the tested dosages, did not enhance bone formation in humans.
- The study suggests PGE1 may increase bone resorption in humans.
- Further research is needed to clarify the precise role of PGE1 in human bone metabolism.
Abstract:
Prostaglandins (PGs) have complex and multiple effects on bone metabolism. Although the osteogenic effect of PGE in humans was initially found in an infant with a congenital heart disease, there have been few reports on the effect of PGE in human in vivo. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of PGE1 on human bone metabolism, using biochemical bone markers. A total of 18 subjects were treated with PGE1 in lipid microspheres. Six subjects were given 10 microg of lipo-PGE, intravenously daily for 14 days, and twelve subjects were given the same dose twice a week for 7 weeks. Before and after the administration of PGE1, blood and a spot urine was obtained in the morning. Bone formation markers (alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, procollagen I carboxy-terminal peptide) did not change. In the subjects with daily administration for 2 weeks, type I collagen pyridinolines crosslinked C-telopeptide (ICTP) increased significantly. In the subjects treated twice a week, free deoxypyridinoline (Dpd) increased significantly. When all subjects were analyzed, bone resorption markers (ICTP and Dpd) increased, but not significantly (p=0.055 for ICTP, p=0.055 for Dpd). Therefore, PGE1 at the dosage used in this study did not increase bone formation but increased bone resorption in humans.