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Updated: Oct 17, 2026

A Bioluminescent and Fluorescent Orthotopic Syngeneic Murine Model of Androgen-dependent and Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer
Published on: March 6, 2018
Oral chemotherapy in the treatment of hormone-refractory prostate cancer
K J Pienta1, J M Kamradt, D C Smith
1The University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor 48109-0005, USA.
Abstract:
Oral chemotherapy has become a major component of the treatment of advanced prostate cancer. The recognition that prostate cancer grows very slowly and must be treated continuously with active agents has led to the development of several therapeutic regimens. These regimens employ oral agents such as estramustine, cyclophosphamide, and etoposide, as they can be taken on a daily basis at home by the patients. These regimens have demonstrated activity in patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer; declines in both prostate specific antigen and soft tissue lesions have been demonstrated.
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