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Fas and Fas ligand in gut and liver
M J Pinkoski1, T Brunner, D R Green
1Division of Cellular Immunology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, San Diego, California 92121, USA.
Abstract:
Apoptosis (programmed cell death) has been shown to play a major role in development and in the pathogenesis of numerous diseases. A principal mechanism of apoptosis is molecular interaction between surface molecules known as the "death receptors" and their ligands. Perhaps the best-studied death receptor and ligand system is the Fas/Fas ligand (FasL) system, in which FasL, a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family of death-inducing ligands, signals death through the death receptor Fas, thereby resulting in the apoptotic death of the cell. Numerous cells in the liver and gastrointestinal tract have been shown to express Fas/FasL, and there is a growing body of evidence that the Fas/FasL system plays a major role in the pathogenesis of many liver and gastrointestinal diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease, graft vs. host disease, and hepatitis. Here we review the Fas/FasL system and the evidence that it is involved in the pathogenesis of liver and gastrointestinal diseases.
Insights
The Fas/Fas ligand (FasL) system, a key apoptosis pathway, is crucial in liver and gastrointestinal diseases. This review explores Fas/FasL
Area of Science:
- Cell Biology
- Immunology
- Gastroenterology
Background:
- Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, is vital in development and disease pathogenesis.
- Death receptors and their ligands mediate apoptosis via cell surface interactions.
- The Fas/Fas ligand (FasL) system is a well-studied pathway involving FasL signaling through the Fas receptor.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the Fas/FasL system.
- To examine the evidence linking Fas/FasL to liver and gastrointestinal diseases.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on the Fas/FasL system.
- Analysis of evidence implicating Fas/FasL in disease pathogenesis.
Main Results:
- The Fas/FasL system is a principal mechanism of apoptosis.
- Fas/FasL is expressed on numerous liver and gastrointestinal cells.
- Growing evidence links Fas/FasL to diseases like inflammatory bowel disease, graft vs. host disease, and hepatitis.
Conclusions:
- The Fas/FasL system plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of various liver and gastrointestinal diseases.
- Understanding the Fas/FasL pathway is critical for disease research and potential therapeutic strategies.
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