Synchronized fast rhythms in inspiratory and expiratory nerve discharges during fictive vocalization

In precollicular decerebrate and paralyzed cats, respiratory nerve activities were recorded during fictive vocalization (FV), which consisted of a distinctive pattern of 1) decreased inspiratory (I) and expiratory (E) phase durations, 2) marked increase of phrenic activity and moderate changes of recurrent laryngeal (RL) and superior laryngeal (SL) I activities, and 3) massive recruitment of laryngeal and abdominal (ABD; lumbar) E activities. FV was produced by electrical stimulation (100 Hz) in the midbrain periaqueductal gray (PAG) or its putative descending pathways in the ventrolateral pons (VLP). Spectral and correlation analyses revealed three types of effect on fast rhythms during FV. 1) I activities: the coherent high-frequency oscillations in I (I-HFO, 60-90 Hz) present in phrenic and RL discharges during the control state did not change qualitatively, but there was an increase of power and a moderate increase (4-10 Hz) of frequency. Sometimes a distinct relatively weak stimulus-locked rhythm appeared. 2) RL and SL activities during E: in recruited discharges, a prominent intrinsic rhythm (coherent E-HFOs at 50-70 Hz) appeared; sometimes a distinct relatively strong stimulus-locked rhythm appeared. 3) ABD activities during E: this recruited activity had no intrinsic rhythm but had an evoked oscillation locked to the stimulus frequency. Thus FV is characterized by 1) appearance of prominent coherent intrinsic rhythms in RL and SL E discharges, which presumably arise as a result of excitation and increased interactions in laryngeal networks; 2) modification of intrinsic rhythmic interactions in inspiratory networks; and 3) evoked rhythms in augmenting-E neuron networks without occurrence of intrinsic rhythms.