Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 29, 2026
07:20
Amide Coupling Reaction for the Synthesis of Bispyridine-based Ligands and Their Complexation to Platinum as Dinuclear Anticancer Agents
Published on: May 28, 2014
PREVENTION OF CISPLATIN-INDUCED NEPHROTOXICITY BY METHIMAZOLE.
Osman1, El-Sayed, El-Demerdash
1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt,
Pharmacological Research
|March 14, 2000
Summary
Methimazole protects against cisplatin-induced kidney damage by reducing serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen. This antithyroid drug preserves kidney function without compromising cisplatin's cancer-fighting efficacy in mice.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Pharmacology
- Oncology
Background:
- Cisplatin is a vital chemotherapy drug for solid tumors.
- Nephrotoxicity is a significant side effect limiting cisplatin dosage.
- Methimazole, an antithyroid drug, shows potential for chemical nephrotoxicity protection.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate cisplatin's nephrotoxic effects at the nuclear level in rat kidneys.
- To evaluate methimazole's protective potential against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.
- To examine the combined effect of methimazole and cisplatin on cancer cells.
Main Methods:
- Rats were administered a therapeutic dose of cisplatin (7 mg/kg).
- Methimazole (40 mg/kg) was given 30 minutes before cisplatin.
- Biochemical markers (creatinine, BUN, lipid peroxides, glutathione) and DNA fragmentation were analyzed.
- Kidney histopathology was performed.
- Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC)-bearing mice were used to assess combined drug efficacy.
Main Results:
- Cisplatin significantly increased serum creatinine, BUN, and kidney lipid peroxides.
- Cisplatin induced kidney DNA fragmentation and histopathological damage.
- Methimazole pretreatment significantly reduced cisplatin's nephrotoxic biochemical and histological effects.
- Combined treatment in EAC-bearing mice maintained cisplatin's cytotoxic activity.
Conclusions:
- Methimazole demonstrates significant nephroprotective effects against cisplatin-induced kidney damage.
- Methimazole does not interfere with the oncolytic action of cisplatin.
- The combination of methimazole and cisplatin is a promising therapeutic strategy warranting further investigation.
Related Concept Videos
01:26Enhanced Elimination of Poison
Poison can be effectively removed from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract through various decontamination procedures.
Antidotes serve a crucial role in counteracting the effects of poison by inhibiting enzymes responsible for producing harmful drug metabolites. In some cases, these toxic metabolites can be neutralized by endogenous cosubstrates, which are maintained at specific concentrations to prevent interaction with cellular macromolecules and subsequent cell death.
Renal excretion is the...
Antidotes serve a crucial role in counteracting the effects of poison by inhibiting enzymes responsible for producing harmful drug metabolites. In some cases, these toxic metabolites can be neutralized by endogenous cosubstrates, which are maintained at specific concentrations to prevent interaction with cellular macromolecules and subsequent cell death.
Renal excretion is the...
01:29Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents
Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel Disease...
01:27Pharmacogenetics of Phase II Enzymes: N-acetyltransferase, Thiopurine S-methyltransferase, UDP-glucuronosyltransferase
Phase II biotransformation reactions are essential for detoxifying and eliminating xenobiotics, including many pharmaceutical compounds. These reactions typically involve conjugation, the covalent attachment of polar endogenous groups such as glucuronic acid, sulfate, methyl, or acetyl moieties to functional groups introduced during Phase I metabolism. The resulting conjugates are more water-soluble, enabling efficient renal or biliary excretion.The major classes of Phase II enzymes include...
01:27Urinary Tract Calculi IV: Nutrition Therapy and Prevention
Management of renal calculi focuses on effective strategies like tailored nutrition and hydration therapy. Adjusting diet and fluid intake reduces stone formation and recurrence, making these interventions simple yet powerful in kidney stone prevention and management.Understanding Kidney StonesKidney stones form when calcium, oxalate, uric acid, and cystine concentrate and crystallize in urine. Factors contributing to their formation include genetic predisposition, certain medical conditions,...
01:26Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure
Preoperative ManagementThe primary goals of preoperative management in kidney transplantation are to optimize the patient’s metabolic state and prepare them for surgery through diet adjustments, necessary dialysis, and tailored medical treatment. This phase also involves comprehensive infection screening and patient education about the surgical procedure and postoperative care to improve outcomes and adherence.Medical ManagementA comprehensive evaluation is required for both the living donor...
01:30Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention
Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...