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Related Experiment Videos

Complement mediated cell death is associated with DNA fragmentation.

M S Cragg1, W J Howatt, L Bloodworth

  • 1Cancer Sciences Division, Tenovus Laboratory, Southampton University Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD.

Cell Death and Differentiation
|March 14, 2000
PubMed
Summary
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Complement attack on cells can trigger apoptosis-like DNA fragmentation, a process dependent on serum and membrane permeabilization. This finding offers new insights into programmed cell death mechanisms.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Apoptosis is a crucial process of programmed cell death.
  • The complement system is a key part of innate immunity.
  • Mechanisms of apoptosis induction are diverse and complex.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether complement system activation can directly induce apoptosis.
  • To identify the molecular mechanisms underlying complement-mediated DNA fragmentation.
  • To explore the role of serum factors in complement-induced cell death.

Main Methods:

  • Complement activation on target cells using serum.
  • Analysis of DNA fragmentation using TUNEL assay.
  • Assessment of membrane integrity and chromatin condensation via electron microscopy.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Investigating the role of serum DNase I and melittin-induced membrane permeability.

    • Main Results:

    • Complement attack, in the presence of serum, induces oligonucleosomal DNA fragmentation characteristic of apoptosis.
    • This process requires membrane permeabilization via the Membrane Attack Complex (MAC).
    • Serum DNase I is implicated as the mediator of DNA fragmentation, observed as early as 30 minutes post-serum addition.

    Conclusions:

    • Complement-mediated membrane attack can trigger an apoptotic DNA fragmentation program.
    • This pathway is serum-dependent and relies on specific enzymatic activity (DNase I).
    • Findings have implications for understanding apoptosis in both in vitro and in vivo settings.