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Spherical Oscillatory alpha2 Dynamo Induced by Magnetic Coupling between a Fluid Shell and an Inner Electrically

Schubert, Zhang

The Astrophysical Journal

|March 15, 2000

Summary

An alpha2 dynamo model explains solar cycle oscillations without needing an alpha-omega dynamo. This two-layer model, with specific core and shell properties, matches the Sun's 22-year sunspot cycle period.

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Area of Science:

Geophysics and astrophysics, focusing on plasma physics and solar dynamo theory.

Background:

The solar dynamo, responsible for the Sun's magnetic field and 22-year cycle, is often modeled using alpha-omega dynamo concepts.
Understanding the precise mechanisms driving the solar dynamo is crucial for predicting space weather and solar activity.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate whether a simpler alpha2 dynamo model can reproduce the oscillatory behavior observed in the solar dynamo.
To determine the necessary conditions within a two-layer spherical dynamo model for generating time-dependent, oscillatory solutions.

Main Methods:

A two-layer spherical dynamo model was developed, featuring an inner core with no alpha effect and an outer shell with a constant alpha effect.
The model's parameters, including magnetic diffusivities (lambdai, lambdao) and radii (ri, ro) of the core and shell, were varied.
The ratio of magnetic diffusivities (beta) and radii (ri/ro) were analyzed for their impact on dynamo behavior.

Main Results:

The alpha2 dynamo model exhibits oscillatory behavior for parameter values relevant to the solar dynamo (ri/ro > 0.55 and beta < 1).
Specifically, for solar-relevant values (ri/ro ≈ 0.8, beta ≈ 10^-3), the model produces oscillations.
The calculated timescale of these oscillations matches the Sun's 22-year sunspot cycle period when lambdao is approximately 10^2 km^2 s^-1.

Conclusions:

An alpha2 dynamo model is sufficient to explain the oscillatory behavior of the solar dynamo.
The presence of a large, less magnetically diffusive core beneath the dynamo-active spherical shell is a key factor.
Complex alpha-omega dynamo hypotheses are not strictly necessary for generating solar cycle oscillations.