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Disseminated intravascular coagulation.

J F Cade

    The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Surgery
    |November 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a serious complication of critical illnesses, causing microvascular clotting and potential bleeding or thrombosis. Management focuses on treating the underlying disease, with supportive therapies as needed.

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    Area of Science:

    • Hematology
    • Pathophysiology
    • Critical Care Medicine

    Background:

    • Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a complex syndrome characterized by microvascular thrombosis.
    • It involves the consumption of platelets and clotting factors, leading to potential bleeding or thrombotic complications.
    • DIC is a secondary complication, frequently associated with severe conditions like sepsis, cancer, and obstetric emergencies.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To define the pathophysiology of Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC).
    • To outline the precipitating factors and clinical manifestations of DIC.
    • To describe diagnostic criteria and therapeutic strategies for DIC.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of existing literature on DIC pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and management.

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  • Analysis of laboratory findings indicative of DIC, including thrombocytopenia, coagulation impairment, and fibrin degradation products.
  • Evaluation of therapeutic approaches, emphasizing the control of underlying diseases and supportive care.

    • Main Results:

    • DIC is characterized by platelet-fibrin thrombi deposition in the microcirculation.
    • Clinical features can range from bleeding to thrombosis, often complicating severe illnesses.
    • Laboratory diagnosis relies on specific hematological and coagulation tests.
    • Effective management hinges on addressing the root cause, supplemented by replacement therapy or anticoagulation if necessary.

    Conclusions:

    • DIC is a critical complication, not a primary disease, requiring prompt recognition and management.
    • Treatment priorities include controlling the underlying illness and providing appropriate supportive care.
    • Early laboratory confirmation and tailored therapeutic interventions are crucial for patient outcomes.