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Effect of spikelet position on rice anther culture efficiency.

Afza¹, Shen, Zapata-Arias

¹Plant Breeding Unit, FAO/IAEA Agriculture and Biotechnology Laboratory, International Atomic Energy Agency Laboratories, A-2444, Seibersdorf, Austria

Plant Science : an International Journal of Experimental Plant Biology

|March 16, 2000

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For optimal rice breeding, use anthers from the basal part of the panicle for higher callus induction. This study highlights the importance of anther source in rice anther culture efficiency.

Area of Science:

Agricultural Science
Plant Biotechnology

Background:

Anther culture is a key technique for rapid plant breeding.
Optimizing callus induction is crucial for maximizing efficiency in rice (Oryza sativa) improvement programs.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the influence of anther source within the rice panicle on callus induction and plantlet regeneration.
To identify the optimal anther collection site for enhanced efficiency in rice anther culture.

Main Methods:

Investigated japonica rice (Taipei 309) anthers from basal, middle, and top panicle parts.
Plated thousands of anthers to assess callus formation and green plantlet regeneration rates.

Main Results:

Callus induction varied significantly by anther position: 20% basal, 12% middle, 8% top.

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Basal anthers, particularly those with uninucleate pollen, exhibited superior callus induction frequency.

Green plantlet regeneration rates were consistent across all positions (approx. 18%).

Conclusions:

Anthers from the basal part of the rice panicle are most effective for callus induction.
Utilizing basal anthers can significantly enhance the efficiency of rice anther culture for breeding applications.