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Safe drinking water: the toxicologist's approach.

F X van Leeuwen1

  • 1WHO European Centre for Environment and Health, Bilthoven Division, PO Box 10, 3730-AA De Bilt, The Netherlands.

Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association
|March 16, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Ensuring safe drinking water involves managing chemical pollutants alongside traditional microbiological concerns. This paper details the World Health Organization

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Toxicology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Microbiological quality has historically dominated drinking water safety concerns.
  • Increased knowledge of chemical hazards has heightened focus on chemical pollutants in drinking water.
  • Contaminants originate from natural sources, human activities, and water treatment processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the toxicological procedures used by the World Health Organization (WHO) for deriving guideline values for chemical compounds in drinking water.
  • To highlight differences between WHO guidelines and legally binding standards for drinking water quality.

Main Methods:

  • Review of toxicological principles and risk assessment methodologies.
  • Analysis of WHO's approach to setting chemical guideline values.

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  • Comparison of guideline values with regulatory standards.

    • Main Results:

    • Toxicological assessments are crucial for establishing safe chemical levels in drinking water.
    • WHO guideline values aim to protect public health from chemical contaminants.
    • Guidelines and standards may differ in their legal enforceability and scope.

    Conclusions:

    • Toxicologists play a vital role in ensuring drinking water safety by assessing chemical risks.
    • The WHO's systematic approach provides a basis for safe chemical concentrations in drinking water.
    • Understanding the distinction between guidelines and standards is important for water quality management.