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Design forms of total knee replacement.

P S Walker, S Sathasivam

    Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Part H, Journal of Engineering in Medicine
    |March 16, 2000
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This article outlines total knee replacement design criteria, focusing on constraint types and kinematics. It details various prostheses from unicompartments to hinges, aiding in appropriate implant selection.

    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Orthopedic Surgery

    Background:

    • Total knee replacement (TKR) designs vary significantly.
    • Understanding design criteria is crucial for successful outcomes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To establish a general design criterion for all total knee replacements.
    • To detail specific kinematics and forces relevant to TKR.
    • To categorize TKR designs based on constraint levels.

    Main Methods:

    • Review and synthesis of existing TKR design principles.
    • Classification of TKR designs from least to most constrained.
    • Introduction of the 'guided motion knees' concept.

    Main Results:

    • Total knee prostheses range from unicompartments to fixed and rotating hinges.

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  • Condylar, posterior cruciate substituting, and mobile bearing designs are discussed.
  • 'Guided motion knees' utilize cams or shaped surfaces for kinematic control.

    • Conclusions:

    • TKR design selection should be based on specific patient indications and implant characteristics.
    • A comprehensive understanding of constraint and kinematics is essential for TKR innovation.