Effect of renal function on risedronate pharmacokinetics after a single oral dose

To determine the relationship between risedronate pharmacokinetics and renal function.

Risedronate was administered to adult men and women (n=21) with various degrees of renal function (creatinine clearance 15-126 ml min-1 ) as a single oral dose of 30 mg. Serum samples were obtained for 72 h after dosing, and urine samples were collected for 72 h after dosing and then periodically for 6 weeks. Risedronate concentrations were determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Risedronate serum concentration-time and urinary excretion rate-time profiles were analysed simultaneously using nonlinear regression.

Renal clearance and volume of distribution were linearly related to creatinine clearance (r2=0.854, P<0.001; and r2=0.317, P<0.01, respectively). Decreases in predicted renal clearance and volume of distribution of 82 and 69%, respectively, were observed when creatinine clearance decreased from 120 to 20 ml min-1. A 64% decrease in predicted oral clearance was observed when creatinine clearance decreased from 120 to 20 ml min-1 (P=0.064). Iohexol clearance, a predictor of renal function, produced similar results to those observed with creatinine clearance. Risedronate was well tolerated by the study population.

Risedronate renal clearance was significantly related to a decrease in renal function. There was a consistent reduction in oral clearance with a decrease in creatinine clearance. However, based on the regression analysis, generally no dosage adjustment appears to be necessary for most patients with mild or moderate renal impairment (creatinine clearance >20 ml min-1 ).