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Autoallergy: a pathogenetic factor in atopic dermatitis?
R Valenta1, S Seiberler, S Natter
1Institute of General and Experimental Pathology, Division of Environmental Dermatology and Allergology GSF/Technical University Munich, Germany.
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|March 17, 2000
Summary
IgE autoantibodies against human proteins may cause severe atopy. These autoallergens can trigger immediate allergic reactions or activate T cells, worsening atopic dermatitis and other chronic allergic conditions.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Allergology
- Dermatology
Background:
- Immediate-type skin reactions and passive serum transfer in atopy were reported before IgE discovery.
- Recent findings suggest IgE autoreactivity in severe, chronic atopy.
- Environmental allergens share structural similarities with human proteins.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the pathogenetic role of IgE autoreactivity in severe and chronic atopy.
- To investigate the mechanisms underlying IgE autoallergy.
Main Methods:
- Characterization of autoallergens from human expression cDNA libraries.
- Production of recombinant autoallergens.
- Detection of IgE immune complexes in patient sera.
Main Results:
- Patients with severe atopy have IgE autoantibodies against various human proteins.
- Autoallergens are primarily intracellular proteins.
- Some autoallergens are found in IgE immune complexes in sera.
Conclusions:
- IgE autoallergy may contribute to immediate-type symptoms by cross-linking IgE autoantibodies.
- IgE-mediated presentation of autoallergens can activate autoreactive T cells, exacerbating allergic tissue reactions.
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