Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 1, 2026
14:58
Optical Scatter Microscopy Based on Two-Dimensional Gabor Filters
Published on: June 2, 2010
Stereo correspondence in one-dimensional Gabor stimuli
1University Laboratory of Physiology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, UK. simon.prince@physiol.ox.ac.uk
Vision Research
|March 18, 2000
Summary
Human stereopsis, or binocular depth perception, is limited by Gabor envelope size. Performance in matching disparities depends on envelope size and contrast, challenging current models.
Area of Science:
- Visual perception
- Computational neuroscience
- Human psychophysics
Background:
- The upper disparity limit for stereopsis (DMax) is smaller in filtered noise stereograms than in isolated Gabor patches.
- This discrepancy in human binocular depth perception is not well understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the solution of the correspondence problem for bandpass stereograms.
- To examine how Gabor envelope size and other parameters affect matching behavior in stereopsis.
Main Methods:
- Observers viewed 1D Gabor stimuli with equal magnitude, opposite sign disparities.
- Subjects indicated which interval contained the crossed disparity stimulus.
- Critical envelope size was measured as a function of disparity, contrast, and spatial frequency.
Main Results:
- Matching behavior varied with Gabor envelope size.
- Performance cycled between correct and incorrect at large envelope sizes, but was always correct at small envelope sizes.
- Absolute and relative contrast influenced perceived match sign; critical envelope size decreased with spatial frequency.
Conclusions:
- Current models of stereopsis cannot predict these findings.
- The results provide constraints for developing future models of stereopsis and binocular depth perception.
Related Concept Videos
02:52Stereoisomerism
Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula.
Transition metal complexes often exist as geometric isomers, in which the same atoms are connected through the same types of bonds but with differences in their orientation in space. Coordination complexes with two different ligands in the cis and trans positions from a ligand of interest form isomers. For example, the octahedral [Co(NH3)4Cl2]+ ion has two isomers (Figure 1) In the cis...
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula.
Transition metal complexes often exist as geometric isomers, in which the same atoms are connected through the same types of bonds but with differences in their orientation in space. Coordination complexes with two different ligands in the cis and trans positions from a ligand of interest form isomers. For example, the octahedral [Co(NH3)4Cl2]+ ion has two isomers (Figure 1) In the cis...
02:32Stereoisomers
On the basis of mirror symmetry, stereoisomers of an organic molecule can be further classified into diastereomers and enantiomers. Diastereomers are stereoisomers that are not mirror images of each other. Substituted alkenes, such as the cis and trans isomers of 2-butene, are diastereomers, as these molecules exhibit different spatial orientations of their constituent atoms, are not mirror images of each other, and do not interconvert. Here, the interconversion is suppressed due to restricted...
02:33Stereoisomerism of Cyclic Compounds
In this lesson, we delve into the role of ring conformation and its stability, which determines the spatial arrangement and, consequently, the molecular symmetry and stereoisomerism of cyclic compounds. 1,2-Dimethylcyclohexane is used as a case study to evaluate the possible number of stereoisomers. Here, given the multiple (n = 2) chiral centers, there are 2n = 4 possible configurations that lack a plane of symmetry, as the ring skeleton exists in a non-planar chair conformation. In addition,...
01:26Linear Approximation in Frequency Domain
Linear systems are characterized by two main properties: superposition and homogeneity. Superposition allows the response to multiple inputs to be the sum of the responses to each individual input. Homogeneity ensures that scaling an input by a scalar results in the response being scaled by the same scalar.
In contrast, nonlinear systems do not inherently possess these properties. However, for small deviations around an operating point, a nonlinear system can often be approximated as linear.
In contrast, nonlinear systems do not inherently possess these properties. However, for small deviations around an operating point, a nonlinear system can often be approximated as linear.
01:21Linear Approximation in Time Domain
Nonlinear systems often require sophisticated approaches for accurate modeling and analysis, with state-space representation being particularly effective. This method is especially useful for systems where variables and parameters vary with time or operating conditions, such as in a simple pendulum or a translational mechanical system with nonlinear springs.
For a simple pendulum with a mass evenly distributed along its length and the center of mass located at half the pendulum's length, the...
For a simple pendulum with a mass evenly distributed along its length and the center of mass located at half the pendulum's length, the...
01:17Correspondence Bias
Correspondence bias, also referred to as the fundamental attribution error, describes the tendency to attribute another person’s behavior to internal characteristics rather than situational influences. This cognitive bias leads individuals to overlook external factors that may be influencing actions, thereby fostering potentially inaccurate assessments of others’ intentions and dispositions.Empirical Evidence for Correspondence BiasResearch has consistently demonstrated the prevalence of...