[Improvement of absorption-elution test using commercially available anti-A, anti-B monoclonal antibodies--ABO blood typing from hair samples]

An improved procedure for ABO blood typing by the absorption-elution test using commercially available monoclonal antibodies was established. The optimized elution temperature for anti-A monoclonal antibodies to be liberated from bloodstains was 54 degrees C and the temperature to deactivate the liberated antibodies was over 56 degrees C. The test condition was established using a monoclonal antibody manufactured by Biotest. For the anti-A monoclonal antibody the most effective elution time was 5 min and the long incubation time decreased the activity of the liberated antibodies. On the other hand, the conditions formerly used for absorption-elution tests were suitable for anti-B monoclonal antibody. A Type-A test and a Type-B test have to be performed separately for ABO blood grouping from forensic samples. The conditions established in this report were applied to the absorption-elution test to achieve an improved result for ABO blood grouping from hair samples.