Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Factors Influencing Heart Rate01:30

Factors Influencing Heart Rate

5.6K
The heart rate, or pulse rate, is a vital indicator of cardiovascular health. It reflects the number of times the heart beats per minute. Various physiological and environmental factors influence heart rate, increasing or decreasing cardiac output. Understanding these factors is crucial for assessing heart function and identifying potential health issues.
Let us explore the significant factors affecting heart rate, including age, body temperature, posture, acute pain, chemical influences,...
5.6K
Factors Affecting Respiration01:24

Factors Affecting Respiration

9.0K
Respiration is a crucial physiological function involving exchanging oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) between an organism and its environment. Various factors can impact this essential process:
9.0K
Assessment of Ventilation I: Respiratory Rate01:20

Assessment of Ventilation I: Respiratory Rate

2.8K
Assessment of Ventilation
A Ventilation assessment is critical for monitoring a patient's health status. Respiration, one of the most accessible vital signs, provides insights into the function of numerous body systems and can indicate serious health issues, such as brainstem injuries from head trauma.
Critical Guidelines for Assessing Ventilation:
2.8K
Regulation of Heart Rates01:31

Regulation of Heart Rates

6.2K
The regulation of heart rate is a complex process controlled by the autonomic nervous system (ANS), hormonal influences, and intrinsic cardiac mechanisms. The ANS has two main components: the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS).
The SNS increases heart rate through the release of norepinephrine and epinephrine, which act on beta-1 adrenergic receptors in the heart. This action increases the rate of depolarization in the sinoatrial (SA) node, the heart's...
6.2K
Chemical Factors Affecting Respiration Centers01:31

Chemical Factors Affecting Respiration Centers

3.0K
Chemical factors such as changing CO2, O2, and H+ levels in arterial blood play a critical role in influencing respiration depth and rates. These variations are detected by chemoreceptors—specialized sensors located in two primary body areas. Central chemoreceptors are found throughout the brain stem, including the ventrolateral medulla, while peripheral chemoreceptors are located in the aortic arch and carotid arteries.
CO2 has a potent influence on respiration and is strictly regulated....
3.0K
Other Factors Affecting Respiration Centers01:17

Other Factors Affecting Respiration Centers

1.9K
Breathing is primarily an involuntary activity regulated by the brainstem respiratory centers. However, it can also be consciously controlled, allowing us to hold our breath or take deeper breaths when needed. This voluntary control is facilitated by the cerebral motor cortex, which bypasses the medullary centers to stimulate the respiratory muscles directly.
However, the ability to hold one's breath voluntarily is not limitless. When the CO2 concentration in the blood reaches a critical...
1.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Search for Double Beta Decays of ^{134}Xe with EXO-200 Phase II.

Physical review letters·2026
Same author

Investigating medicinal resource combinations in the Bornean orangutan diet.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Hypoaminoacidemia and Pyroglutamic Aciduria: Potential Biomarkers in Malnutrition-Related Hyperammonemia.

JIMD reports·2026
Same author

Food insecurity in the household: Interventions tackling children's food insecurity, a commentary on a systematic review.

Journal of family & child health·2026
Same author

The effects of urban green space and road proximity to indoor traffic-related PM<sub>2.5</sub>, NO<sub>2</sub>, and BC exposure in inner-city schools.

Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology·2024
Same author

Equipping for risk: Lessons learnt from the UK shale-gas experience on assessing environmental risks for the future geoenergy use of the deep subsurface.

The Science of the total environment·2024
Same journal

Eugene Braunwald, MD, 1929-2026.

Circulation·2026
Same journal

AHA/ACC/ESC/WHF Expert Consensus Document: Second Universal Definition of Heart Failure (2026).

Circulation·2026
Same journal

Advancing Quality in the Evaluation, Surveillance, and Management of Aortic Stenosis: A Report From the AHA Target: AS Registry.

Circulation·2026
Same journal

Heart Failure Occurring in the Perinatal Period: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association.

Circulation·2026
Same journal

Correction to: 2026 ACC/AHA/AACVPR/ABC/ACPM/ADA/AGS/APhA/ASPC/NLA/PCNA Guideline on the Management of Dyslipidemia: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines.

Circulation·2026
Same journal

Correction to: The Natural History of Massive Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Pediatric Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A Multiregistry Analysis.

Circulation·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

Calculating Heart Rate Variability from ECG Data from Youth with Cerebral Palsy During Active Video Game Sessions
08:12

Calculating Heart Rate Variability from ECG Data from Youth with Cerebral Palsy During Active Video Game Sessions

Published on: June 5, 2019

19.9K

Ambient pollution and heart rate variability.

D R Gold1, A Litonjua, J Schwartz

  • 1Channing Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and the Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115-5804, USA. redrg@gauss.bwh.harvard.edu

Circulation
|March 22, 2000
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Exposure to air pollutants like fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and ozone may negatively impact heart rate variability (HRV). This study suggests pollution can reduce vagal tone, affecting cardiovascular function in older adults.

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Advancing the Study of Brain-Heart Interplay with a Comprehensive EEGLAB Plugin for Multimodal Signal Analysis
08:22

Author Spotlight: Advancing the Study of Brain-Heart Interplay with a Comprehensive EEGLAB Plugin for Multimodal Signal Analysis

Published on: April 26, 2024

3.5K
Estimate the Cognitive Load Using Electrocardiographic Measure: A Human-AI Collaborative Task
07:08

Estimate the Cognitive Load Using Electrocardiographic Measure: A Human-AI Collaborative Task

Published on: December 5, 2025

1.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 7, 2026

Calculating Heart Rate Variability from ECG Data from Youth with Cerebral Palsy During Active Video Game Sessions
08:12

Calculating Heart Rate Variability from ECG Data from Youth with Cerebral Palsy During Active Video Game Sessions

Published on: June 5, 2019

19.9K
Author Spotlight: Advancing the Study of Brain-Heart Interplay with a Comprehensive EEGLAB Plugin for Multimodal Signal Analysis
08:22

Author Spotlight: Advancing the Study of Brain-Heart Interplay with a Comprehensive EEGLAB Plugin for Multimodal Signal Analysis

Published on: April 26, 2024

3.5K
Estimate the Cognitive Load Using Electrocardiographic Measure: A Human-AI Collaborative Task
07:08

Estimate the Cognitive Load Using Electrocardiographic Measure: A Human-AI Collaborative Task

Published on: December 5, 2025

1.2K

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Investigated associations between ambient pollution and cardiovascular function in older adults.
  • Utilized a repeated measures study design with active Boston residents.
  • Measured fine particulate matter (PM2.5) continuously.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the relationship between air pollution exposure and heart rate variability (HRV).
  • To assess the impact of PM2.5 and ozone on cardiovascular autonomic function.
  • To understand the effects of environmental pollutants on the vagal tone.

Main Methods:

  • Employed Holter ECG monitoring and assessed heart rate variability (HRV) using time domain variables (SDNN, r-MSSD).
  • Measured ambient PM2.5 and ozone levels.
  • Conducted multivariate analyses to determine associations between pollution and HRV.

Main Results:

  • Elevated PM2.5 levels were significantly associated with reduced HRV (SDNN and r-MSSD).
  • During slow breathing, increased PM2.5 was linked to a decrease in r-MSSD.
  • A multiple pollution model showed PM2.5 and ozone reductions in r-MSSD, impacting combined effect.

Conclusions:

  • Particle and ozone exposure may decrease vagal tone.
  • Reduced vagal tone leads to decreased heart rate variability (HRV).
  • Air pollution poses a risk to cardiovascular health, particularly in older adults.