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Microglial activation in the developing rat olfactory bulb.

B K Fiske1, P C Brunjes

  • 1Neuroscience Program and Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA.

Neuroscience
|March 23, 2000
PubMed
Summary
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Olfactory deprivation in early life activates microglia, immune cells in the brain, in the olfactory bulb. This activation, measured by complement receptor 3, suggests a role for these cells in brain development and response to sensory input.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • The olfactory bulb's development is sensitive to sensory input.
  • Microglia are key immune cells in the brain, involved in development and response to injury.
  • Microglial activation, marked by complement receptor 3 (CR3) upregulation, is a known response to tissue perturbation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of microglia in the developing rat olfactory bulb under conditions of olfactory deprivation.
  • To determine if olfactory deprivation alters microglial activation states.
  • To examine the expression of complement receptor 3 (CR3) as an indicator of microglial activation in the olfactory bulb.

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemistry was used to detect complement receptor 3 (CR3) expression in rat olfactory bulbs.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Naris closure was performed on postnatal day 1 to induce olfactory deprivation.
  • CR3 levels were compared between normally developing and olfactory-deprived bulbs, and across different ages and laminae.

    • Main Results:

    • Complement receptor 3 (CR3) expression is high in the developing olfactory bulb compared to caudal cortical regions.
    • Early-life naris closure significantly increased CR3 levels in the olfactory bulb in an age- and layer-dependent manner.
    • The effect of naris closure on CR3 levels was observed when performed shortly after birth, but not after the first postnatal month.

    Conclusions:

    • Activated microglia are present in the developing olfactory bulb.
    • Early olfactory deprivation induces microglial activation in the olfactory bulb.
    • These findings suggest that microglia play a role in olfactory bulb development and in the brain's response to sensory deprivation.