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Related Experiment Videos

Postural and resting tremor in the upper limb.

S Morrison1, K M Newell

  • 1Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia. s.morrison@mailbox.gu.edu.au

Clinical Neurophysiology : Official Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology
|March 23, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Physiological tremor in upper limb segments has two main frequency peaks. Proximal segment support reduces finger tremor, but this effect involves complex coordination, not just passive transmission.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomechanics
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • Physiological tremor is a common finding in the human upper limb.
  • Understanding tremor dynamics within and between limb segments is crucial for diagnosing neurological disorders.
  • The influence of mechanical factors and inter-segmental coordination on tremor remains incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the characteristics of physiological tremor within individual upper limb segments.
  • To analyze the coordination of tremor between different limb segments (intra- and inter-limb).
  • To determine the impact of cardiac mechanical events on physiological tremor.

Main Methods:

  • Recorded tremor from eight healthy adults during a postural task with varying limb support.

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  • Analyzed single-segment tremor dynamics using power spectral, Approximate Entropy (ApEn), and amplitude analyses.
  • Assessed inter-segment tremor relationships using coherence and cross-correlation analyses.

    • Main Results:

    • Each unsupported limb segment exhibited two primary tremor frequency peaks (1-4 Hz and 8-12 Hz).
    • Support of proximal segments reduced distal tremor, but the effect was not simply additive or uniform across fingers.
    • Significant tremor correlations were found between adjacent proximal and distal segments, but not between contralateral limbs or with heart rate.

    Conclusions:

    • The low-frequency tremor component (1-4 Hz) in the hand/finger is not solely due to passive oscillation transmission from proximal segments.
    • Proximal segment contributions to index finger tremor cannot be predicted by mechanical principles alone.
    • Minimizing finger tremor involves compensatory coupling of upper arm segments, with active wrist joint control playing a key role.